When most people think about dental problems, they picture cavities, gum disease, or missing teeth. But there’s another serious issue that often goes unnoticed until it’s advanced: bone loss in the jaw.
If you’ve been told you have bone loss or are at risk for it, with the right care, it’s possible to prevent further damage and even restore lost bone in some cases. Let’s take a closer look at what dental bone loss is and how it affects your oral health.
What Is Dental Bone Loss?
Bone loss in dentistry refers to the loss of bone tissue in the jaw, particularly the alveolar bone that supports your teeth. This bone is essential for keeping your teeth stable. When it deteriorates, teeth can loosen, shift, or even fall out.
What Causes Bone Loss in the Jaw?
There are several possible causes of dental bone loss, including:
1. Gum Disease (Periodontitis) – This is the most common cause. When dental plaque and bacteria build-up under the gums, they can cause inflammation and infection, destroying the bone and tissues that support your teeth.
2. Tooth Loss – When a tooth is lost and not replaced soon after, the bone that once supported the tooth no longer gets stimulation (from chewing forces), and it begins to shrink over time, sometimes by up to 25% in the first year.
3. Poor Dental Hygiene – Not brushing and flossing regularly allows dental plaque to harden into calculus or tartar, which can lead to gum disease and, eventually, bone loss.
4. Ill-Fitting Dentures or Dental Bridges – These may not provide proper stimulation to the jawbone and can accelerate bone loss over time.
5. Infections or Trauma – Infections, abscesses, or serious injuries to the teeth and jaw can damage the bone.
6. Medical Conditions – Conditions like osteoporosis, diabetes, or autoimmune disorders can also contribute to bone loss.
Signs of Bone Loss
Bone loss can be silent in the early stages, but here are some common signs to watch for:
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Receding gums or teeth that appear “longer.”
- Changes in how your dentures or bite fit
- Jaw pain or discomfort
- Tooth Sensitivity
- Gaps forming between teeth
Regular dental checkups with X-rays are essential for detecting bone loss early.
How Is Bone Loss Treated?
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the bone loss. Common options include:
1. Scaling and Root Planing – A deep cleaning procedure that removes plaque and tartar under the gums to stop gum disease from progressing.
2. Bone Grafting – This surgical procedure involves adding bone (or bone-like material) to areas where bone has been lost. It’s often done before placing dental implants.
3. Dental Implants – Dental implants can prevent further bone loss by stimulating the jaw the same way natural teeth do.
4. Guided Tissue Regeneration – A technique that encourages the regrowth of bone and tissue, often done alongside bone grafting.
5. Lifestyle and Medical Management – Addressing underlying health conditions like diabetes or osteoporosis can help slow bone loss.
How to Prevent Bone Loss
The best way to fight bone loss is to prevent it before it starts:
- Brush and floss daily
- Get regular dental cleanings and dental exams
- Treat gum disease early
- Replace missing teeth promptly with dental implants or other restorations
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
- Avoid smoking and tobacco use
Bone loss in the jaw is a serious issue, but with early detection and proper treatment, you can protect your smile and maintain strong, healthy teeth for life. If you’re concerned about gum disease, missing teeth, or bone loss, call us today to book your appointment or consultation and take the first step toward restoring your oral health.